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Sa
Ski Australia, which was once known as the Australian Ski Federation.
  
Schuss
To ski straight downhill as fast as possible. (German for "shoot.")
  
Schussing
Skiing straight down the fall-line with the skis parallel. From the German word meaning to shoot.
  
Scramble Leg
The first leg of a cross country relay race, so called because there's a mass start and the skiers have to scramble for position.
  
Self-Arrest Skills
Slowing oneself when descending by the use of poles as braking devices, or using some other available device such as an ice axe.
  
Sequential Leg Movement
Moving the legs one at a time in sequence, as opposed to moving them together, or simultaneously.
  
Set Tracks
Machine-prepared tracks suitable for cross-country skiing, sometimes referred to as loipe. Not to be confused with trails, which are merely defined paths that may be skiied along.
  
Short-Range Waxes
Grip waxes with specific temperature ranges, used primarily by racers for maximum performance.
  
Short-Swinging
Tight-radius parallel turning, used mostly in narrow gulleys, or steep slopes.
  
Shovel
From the widest point of the front section of the ski, known as the shoulder, to the ski tip.
  
Side Camber
Side-cut.
  
Side-Cut
The amount of 'waisting' in a ski, determined by the difference between the widest (at both ends of the ski) and the narrowest (in the mid-section) points of a ski. See also waist.
  
Side-Slipping
Allowing the skis to slip sideways downhill, either directly down the fall-line, or at an angle to the fall-line.
  
Side-Stepping
Stepping (with skis parallel) either on the flat, or up or down a hill.
  
Sidecut
The measured difference, usually in millimeters, between the waist of the ski and the tip and tail.
  
Siitonen Step
See half skating.
  
Simultaneous Leg Movement
Moving the legs together at the same time, as opposed to moving them one after the other, or sequentially.
  
Single Camber
A ski with an even flex from tip to tail, and can be either soft or hard.
  
Single Dance
The Scandinavian's preferred term for a variation of two-skating.
  
Single-Arm Resting
See three phase.
  
Sitzmark
An indentation in the snow caused by a skier's fall.
  
Skate Turning
A flat terrain or downhill turn, executed by one or more skating steps towards the new direction. It is considered an accelerating turn, unlike step turning.
  
Skating
A cross country technique that is similar to ice skating. The skier pushes the inside edge of the ski backward and outward at about a 45-degree angle. Skating is permitted in freestyle cross country, but not in classical.
  
Skating Wax
A more durable glide wax applied to the running surface of skating skis.
  
Ski Flying
A form of ski jumping where the distance from take-off to the norm point is greater than 90 metres.
  
Ski Interterm
A special commission set up by the ISIA to discuss and co-ordinate international ski terminology as used by ski instructors -- predominantly Alpine.
  
Ski Jumping
A type of Nordic competition in which skiers come down a long approach, the inrun, and then take off into the air to a landing area. Points are given for distance and style.
  
Ski Mountaineering
Mountain-climbing in winter, using Alpine skis (with special Alpine ski bindings which allow a type of walking movement) where possible.
  
Ski Touring
In Europe this term refers to Ski Mountaineering, but in most English-speaking countries this term refers to backcountry skiing -- the use of Nordic skis for touring away from resorts and set tracks.
  
Skiathlom/Skiathlon
A competitive event with a ski race, ski jumping, and a slalom all in one race, and using only one set of equipment.
  
Skidding
The process of allowing (or forcing) a ski to travel sideways over the snow in relation to the direction of travel, as opposed to carvinga ski.
  
Skins
These days they are a nylon substitute for seal mohair, and are a strip of material either strapped or glued to ski bases to provide phenomenal grip for climbing.
  
Slalom
A race that combines downhill speed with technical ability. The course is marked with gates that are not in a straight line, so the skier has to make a whole series of quick turns while racing down the slope. Each skier makes two runs, on different courses, and the fastest total time determines the winner.
  
Sliding
A forward or backward movement of the skis, with no skidding.
  
Slope Edge
The point at which a slope noticeably changes angle from either steep to gentle, or vice versa.
  
Snow-Skating
The term often used to distinguish skating on Nordic skis from that of ice skating.
  
Snowplough Braking
Performing a snowplough glide with the inside edges of the skis biting into the snow to produce a braking force, and thus control speed.
  
Snowplough Glide
Placing the skis in a convergent position, and flat on the snow, whilst descending a packed powder slope.
  
Snowplough Turning
A snowplough glidewith weight-transfer onto one ski and then the other, to produce a series of controlled and stable turns. Known as wedge turning in USA.
  
Snowplow
A method of stopping in which the front tips of the skis are brought together, almost touching, while the tails are spread outward.
  
Sprint
The shortest cross-country race, usually 1.5 kilometers, in which any style of skiing is allowed.
  
Staggered Start
A type of cross country race in which the skiers start at set intervals and the result is based on elapsed time, not on the order in which the skiers cross the finish line.
  
Star Turning
Also known as clock turning, this is a linked series of step turns (either convergent or divergent) on the flat to change direction, lifting the tips or the tails, or the whole ski.
  
Steep-Slope Skiing
Often referred to as survival skiing, using turning techniques that ensure a safe arrival at the bottom of the slope, but should also be extended to include techniques for climbing such slopes.
  
Steering
A rotation of the legs or body to produce a turning force on the skis.
  
Stem Christie
A turn on which the skier first stems a ski by pushing the tail outward and then brings the skis parallel into a christie.
  
Stem Turning
Downhill turning in which the uphill, or outside ski is angled out (either by lifting or skidding), pointing more towards the new direction, at the start of the turn.
  
Stemming
A skidding or sometimes stepping of the ski out into a convergent position, resulting in a situation where the stemmed ski is on its inside edge.
  
Step Turning
A linked series of steps, by lifting one ski from a parallel position (relative to the other ski) to either a divergent or convergent position, and then bringing the remaining ski back to the parallel position.
  
Step-Parallel Turning
Parallel turningwith one ski being lifted out to a new parallel position, allowing a greater turning force to be applied to the skis. Often used when skiing through slalom gates, or on difficult snow.
  
Step-Telemark Turning
Telemark turning with one ski being lifted out into a telemark position, thus allowing a greater turning force to be applied to the skis. Also used in the same manner as step-parallels.
  
Stepping
A weight-transfer from one ski to the other, and lifting (stepping) one ski into a new position before transferring weight again, as opposed to skidding.
  
Stepping against the Uphill Ski
A weight-transfer from the downhill to the uphill ski, which is on its downhill edge.
  
Stepping onto the Uphill Ski
A weight-transfer from the downhill to the uphill ski, which is on its uphill edge.
  
Stock
Animals belonging to a farm that are rarely seen, but often spoken of, on Australian snowfields. Not to be confused with shares, dividends, and high finance (which are becoming less rare on Australian snowfields).
  
Stop-Swinging
See swing to the hill.
  
Straight Running
Descending directly down the fall-linewith skis parallel.
  
Stride
A movement of sliding one ski forwards and applying pressure onto it by a weight shift, followed by a resultant glide.
  
Stride Double-Poling
A stride onto one foot, followed by a double pole action. In its simpler form, this is repeated onto the same foot each time, but to balance the work performed by the legs, alternate foot striding is used by advanced skiers.
  
Stride Length
The distance travelled between one stride and the next (not the distance between each foot in a given stride).
  
Super Giant Slalom
The newest of the Alpine skiing disciplines, this event combines downhill speed with the precise turns of giant slalom. Each skier makes one run down the course and the winner is determined by electronic timing. Commonly known as "super G."
  
Swing to the Hill
Also known as stop swinging, or hockey-stops, this is a sudden parallel turnout of the fall-line to a position across the fall-line, which brings the skier to a complete stop. Ice hockey players (i.e. Americans/Canadians) will be more familiar with the term 'hockey stop' -- but how much ice hockey is played here in Australia?
  
Symmetrical V-Skating
See one skating.
  
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