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Sabaki
Dodging
  
Sabom
Teacher" or "instructor.
  
Sai
A pronged truncheon about fifteen to twenty inches long, used as a defensive instrument against various weapons such as the sword. It was developed from an Okinawan farming tool.
  
Saifa
(Japanese) The name of an advanced Karate Kata of the Shorei Karate Style from Okinawa. The name translated means "Big Wave".
  
Sakotsu
Clavicle, point of attack
  
Sakotsu Uchi
Hit/attack on the clavicle
  
Sam
The traditional uniform of kung fu.
  
Sambo
Modern Russian Grappling Art
  
Samurai
The swordsmen of feudal Japan who were impeccably at a wide variety of martial arts practices, particularly the sword, and served and lord and fief. Masterless samurai were known as "ronin."
  
Sanbon
In three parts, three steps
  
Sanbon Kumite
Three steps sparring
  
Sanbon Zuki
Three consecutive punches (the first one JODAN and the two others CHUDAN)
  
Sanchin
Name of a Karate Kata
  
Sanchin Dachi
Three-battle stance
  
Sangdan
"Upper" or "upper level." A directional term used in Korean martial arts.
  
Sankukai
A style of karate based on a combination of other systems, with an emphasis on escaping techniques and aikido-like defenses.
  
Sanshou (Chinese)
Also called SANDA. During the Chinese cultural revolution the practice of combat sports in China was forbidden. It is only around 1979 that combat sports competitions appeared again. One of these new methods was SANDA, a kind of "Chinese Full Contact", a combination of blows with fists and feet but also seizures and projections.
  
Sappo
A method of attacking vital points of the body in order to cause a coma or death.
  
Savate
French hand and foot fighting. A method of fighting to the knockout, once popular with the aristocracy of France.
  
Saya
The scabbard of a samurai sword.
  
Seika Tanden
Lower abdomen.
  
Seiken
Forefist.
  
Seiryuto
Base of the knife-edge hand
  
Seiryuto Uchi
Hit/attack with the base of the knife-edge hand
  
Seiryuto Uke
Block with the base of the knife-edge hand
  
Seishin
Mind," "soul," or "spirit.
  
Seito
Pupil" or "student.
  
Seiza
"Correct sitting." A full kneeling position used in many martial arts when performing the ceremonial bow or receiving formal instruction.
  
Sempai
"Senior." Usually denotes any senior by age, rank, position or social standing.
  
Sen I
Fighting will" or "fighting spirit.
  
Sen no Sen
Initiative in the initiative
  
Sensei
A teacher; literally "one who has been born before," therefore an elder.
  
Sensei Ni Rei
Bow to the teacher
  
Sensei-Ni
Face toward the instructor; a command.
  
Seppa
The washers above and below the tsuba of a samurai sword.
  
Shaolin
"Young forest" or "small forest." A method of kung fu based on eight postures and five animal forms: dragon, snake, tiger, crane and leopard.
  
Shejak
Begin.
  
Shiai
A competitive match between Japanese martial artists.
  
Shibum
Demonstration.
  
Shido
A minor violation that gives the opponent a koka. If a similar violation is committed later in the match, the shido is increased to a chui. (Judo)
  
Shihan
A master instructor.
  
Shihap
A bout or match.
  
Shikko
"Knee walking." A method of moving forward while keeping one knee constantly on the ground. Knee walking was originally a polite way of moving in a house, especially before a lord.
  
Shiko Dachi
Sumo stance
  
Shime
Choke.
  
Shime Waza
Strangling and choking techniques.
  
Shimoseki
Lower seat." In a traditional Japanese dojo, the area where students line up and face their instructor(s). Also known as "shimoza.
  
Shinai
A fencing practice sword, made of bamboo strips, and used in the practice of kendo.
  
Shinken
"Real sword." An actual life or death encounter.
  
Shintai
"Stopped mind." A condition in which one remains exclusively defensive.
  
Shiro
White
  
Shiro Obi
White belt
  
Shisei
Posture" or "stance.
  
Shitahara
Lower abdomen.
  
Shito Ryu
A style of karate founded by Kenwa Mabuni. Shito ryu is one of the four major Japanese karate systems.
  
Shiwari
Break, breaking tests
  
Shizen Dachi
Natural position, posture
  
Shizentai
"Natural position." An encompassing term for numerous karate stances in which the body remains relaxed but alert.
  
Shodan
A first degree black belt.
  
Shomen
"Front" or "forward." Often refers to the front wall of a dojo.
  
Shoshinsha
"Novice" or "beginner." Any unranked Japanese martial artist.
  
Shotei
Palm heel.
  
Shotei Uchi
Palm heel strike
  
Shotei Uke
Palm heel block
  
Shotokan
A popular Japanese karate system founded by Gichin Funakoshi and influenced directly by the Okinawan style of Shuri-te.
  
Shuai Chiao
Along with chin na, this form of Chinese wrestling possibly influenced the formation of Japanese jujutsu.
  
Shubaku
A system of empty-hand combat similar to jujutsu which is considered the forerunner of judo.
  
Shuko
A type of feudal age brass knuckle used by the ninja. Besides the small metal plate that slipped over the knuckles, the shuko had spikes extending from the palm so an enemy's face could be raked. It was also useful for gripping when climbing walls.
  
Shuri Te
One of the three original Okinawan karate schools, which derived its name from the city where it originated.
  
Shuriken
Bladed instruments commonly used as throwing weapons by the ninja.
  
Shushin
The chief referee in a judo contest or a Japanese-style karate match.
  
Shuto
Knife-edge hand (little finger side of palm)
  
Shuto Jodan Uke
Upper level knife hand block
  
Shuto Sakotsu Uchi
Knife hand strike on the clavicle (downwards)
  
Shuto Sakotsu Uchikomi
Front knife hand strike on the clavicle (straight)
  
Shuto Soto Mawashi
Knife hand strike from the interior to the exterior
  
Shuto Uchi
Knife hand strike
  
Shuto Uchi Mawashi
Knife hand strike from the exterior to the interior
  
Shuto Uke
Blocks in which the edge of the hand is used.
  
Si Bok
"Older uncle." A title given to a senior ranking instructor in some styles of kung fu.
  
Sifu
Teacher" or "instructor.
  
Silambam (India)
This method is most of the time practised as part of the Kalaripayat and contains the techniques of manipulation of the long and the short combat stick.
  
Silat
See "pentjak."
  
Simsa
Test.
  
Sochin
Name of a Karate Kata
  
Sochin Dachi
Posture used in the kata Sochin (between Kiba Dachi and Zen Kutsu Dachi)
  
Sogi
Stance or position.
  
Sogo Gachi
A compound win that results when the combatant has a waza-ari and the opponent is penalized with a keikoku. (Judo)
  
Sojutsu
"Art of the spear." An armed combative practiced by Japanese feudal warriors who used many types and styles of spears.
  
Sokim
Fake" or "feint.
  
Sokodo
Speed.
  
Sokumen Awase Uke
Side block with the two hands
  
Sokutei Mawashi Uke
Circular block with the foot sole
  
Sokuto
Foot edge or knife foot.
  
Sokuto Geri
Kick with the foot sword
  
Sondabak
Palm.
  
Sondung
Backhand.
  
Sonkal
Knife hand.
  
Sooryon
Training.
  
Soto
Outside," "outer," or "exterior.
  
Soto Uke
Outside forearm block
  
Sparring
A form of martial arts training in which two opponents face one another and simulate actual combat.
  
Staff
See "bo."
  
Subak
A native Korean fighting system that enjoyed its widest popularity during the reign of King Uijong (A.D. 1147 - 1170).
  
Sudo
Knife hand.
  
Suki
"Opening." A gap in an opponent's defense or technique.
  
Sukui Uke
Scooping block
  
Sumo
A basic Japanese form of grappling in which the participants are of gigantic proportions. Victory is either achieved by forcing the opponent out of the ring, or by forcing him to touch the floor within the ring with any part of his body above the knee.
  
Sumotori
Sumo wrestlers.
  
Sutemi
Sacrifice.
  
Sutemi Waza
"Sacrifice techniques," in which the defender apparently yields to the attacker's pressure and then uses the attacker's momentum to execute a throw.
  
Sweep
A method of bringing an opponent down by knocking one of his legs out of its stance and then throwing him off balance.
  
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